Category Archives: pure

Pure Silver Coin Under a Hopeful Moon Mintage 2,500 (2020)

Pure Silver Coin Under a Hopeful Moon Mintage 2,500 (2020)

Pure Silver Coin Under a Hopeful Moon Mintage 2,500 (2020)

Pure Silver Coin Under a Hopeful Moon Mintage 2,500 (2020)

Pure Silver Coin Under a Hopeful Moon Mintage 2,500 (2020)

Pure Silver Coin Under a Hopeful Moon Mintage 2,500 (2020)

Pure Silver Coin Under a Hopeful Moon Mintage 2,500 (2020)

99.99% pure silver. Pierre Girard (reverse), Susanna Blunt (obverse). Use black light technology to reveal a hidden nighttime scene. The ocean’s beauty shines thanks to black light technology, which reveals a hidden nighttime scene off Canada’s coast. A scapolite stone (a first) hangs in the sky like the full moon. And in the water, two recovering at-risk speciesa Steller sea lion and a humpback whaleremind us that there is hope for our waters when we all work together. A Masters Club exclusive! A scapolite stone (a first) hangs in the sky like the full moon on your coin. A MASTERS CLUB EXCLUSIVE. Masters Club members, this coin was specially made for you! Your coin comes packaged in an exclusive Masters Club beauty box with a special Masters Club certificate. INCLUDES A BLACK LIGHT FLASHLIGHT. The artistry of your coin can be appreciated in any light, but viewing it under a black light (included) activates the special technology! ADORNED WITH A GEM. The colourful art is topped by a sparkling scapolite stonea Mint first that adds a rare fluorescence to the design. We’ve combined colour and light technologies to light up this ocean scene and capture the beauty of life on our coasts. The coin design seamlessly transitions to a nighttime scene with the help of black light technology, which adds a moonlight effect. ART WITH A MESSAGE. The design is a conservation-themed message about the need to protect our marine plant and wildlife species. Features an above and under-water view that is seldom seen on our deep sea-themed coins. Your coin includes a special Masters Club certificate. Limited to 2,500 coins worldwide. 99.99% PURE SILVER. Your coin is crafted from one ounce of 99.99% pure silver. The reverse image by artist Pierre Girard is a split under- and above-water view of one of Canada’s colourful deep-water habitats. In the deep sea waters off the coast of British Columbia, a humpback whale. Swims near a Steller sea lion. Both mammals are at-risk species that appear to be on the road to recovery, while the marine environment stresses the importance of protecting marine species and their habitats. Above the water hangs a sparkling scapolite stone that gets a boost of fluorescence when viewed under UV light, while black light technology adds a moonlight effect. The artistic and realistic approach to this coin was a pretty exciting challenge for me. Painting these at-risk species in their habitat made me think about how fragile the ecosystem is. However, the light that shines in this design somehow brings a sense of hope and life. Canada has already surpassed its target of protecting 10% of its marine areas by 2020. The underwater equivalent to our national parks, Canada’s marine protected areas (MPAs) provide shelter for plant and wildlife species to help them recover from human impact e. Cold water corals and sponges can be found in the waters off Canada’s Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic coasts. In the coastal waters of British Columbia, more than 80 species of cold-water corals make up the Pacific rocky marine environment, which is home to over a thousand different species of marine animals. But our marine habitats are under threat from acidification and human activity. The Steller sea lion is the largest of all sea lions. The large-sized carnivore can be found in the waters that line the coastal islands of British Columbia. It was listed as a protected species in 1970, when its numbers were in decline due to fishing and other human impact factors. Steller sea lion populations have since doubled, although habitat loss continues to be a threat. The humpback whale is one of the ocean’s noisiest inhabitants. This marine giant was nearly hunted to the verge of extinction by the mid 20th-century. In 1985, the North Pacific population included just a few hundred individuals, and the species was classified as “threatened” on Canada’s list of at-risk species. The good news: Population numbers had increased by 2014 when its status was downgraded to “special concern, ” although the species continues to face threats such as entanglement, pollution and human activity. Scapolite comes in a variety of colours (yellow, violet, orange, pink, brown or grey) and is known for its fluorescent properties. This gemstone was first discovered in Myanmar; today, it has been found in a number of locations, including Canadaspecifically, southern Ontario and Quebec. The item “Pure Silver Coin Under a Hopeful Moon Mintage 2,500 (2020)” is in sale since Saturday, September 26, 2020. This item is in the category “Coins & Paper Money\Coins\ Canada\Commemorative”. The seller is “coinworldcanada” and is located in Calgary, Alberta. This item can be shipped to Canada, United States.
  • Modified Item: No
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Canada
  • Certification: Uncertified
  • Grade: Ungraded
  • Type: Commemorative
  • Year: 2020
  • Circulated/Uncirculated: Uncirculated
  • Denomination: $20

2017 $100 10 oz Pure Silver Coin DC Comics Originals Superman’s Shield

2017 $100 10 oz Pure Silver Coin DC Comics Originals Superman's Shield

2017 $100 10 oz Pure Silver Coin DC Comics Originals Superman's Shield

2017 $100 10 oz Pure Silver Coin DC Comics Originals Superman's Shield

2017 $100 10 oz Pure Silver Coin DC Comics Originals Superman's Shield

2017 $100 10 oz Pure Silver Coin DC Comics Originals Superman's Shield

2017 $100 10 oz Pure Silver Coin DC Comics Originals Superman's Shield

A MINT FIRST: SHAPED LIKE SUPERMAN’S SHIELD! It is the ultimate re-creation of a near-universal symbol for hope: Superman’s iconic emblem leaps off the pages and into your collection with this S-Shield-shaped coin! The image is unmistakable, thanks to the application of red enamel along the “S”. Take a closer look: the bold colour is. Revealing a collage of comic book action scenes that chart Superman’s evolution through the ages, and all engraved in incredible detail! This shield-shaped coin is the. Addition to your Superman collection! A MINT FIRST: A COIN SHAPED LIKE SUPERMAN’S SHIELD! This diamond-shaped coin is the ultimate addition to your Superman coin collection! The use of transparent enamel allows the engraved collage of action shots to show through the S-Shield’s iconic red sheen. Canadian creators Jason Fabok, Darwyn Cook, David Finch and Tom Grummett have all helped to shape Superman’s history as artists/writers. 10 OUNCE 99.99% PURE SILVER COIN! Your coin is designed using 10 ounces of 99.99% pure silver, and includes transparent enamel! Only 1,500 coins will be made worldwide. The reverse design of this “diamond”-shaped coin features an engraved rendition of Superman’s shield. Within the “S” of the shield, scenes from several. Comic books are positioned as a unique collage that highlights Superman’s long and illustrious history; this visual journey through Superman’s different looks and eras is carefully covered by transparent enamel, which allows the engraving to peer through the red sheen of the “S”. A laser halftone pattern behind the shield adds a graphic element that fills the background and infuses design with a classic comic book feel. The obverse features the effigy of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II by Susanna Blunt and the words “CANADA”, “2017″ and “100 DOLLARS”. Established with firm Canadian roots, Superman was the first. To define a genre that has spawned countless characters in the. He was the inspiration for a new archetype that not only exists today, but is arguably more popular than ever. Canadian visionaries such as Jeff King and David Finch continue to shape Superman, by lending their talents as storytellers and further adding to the history and legacy of this international icon. Superman is the most powerful being on the planet, thanks to an astounding array of super powers that include strength, flight, invulnerability and even heat vision. Yet, these same abilities are also a constant reminder of how different he is from the people he is dedicated to protect. In fiction and in reality, the. Last Son of Krypton. Is a near-universal icon whose shield has become one of the most recognisable symbols in the worldone that transcends political boundaries, languages and cultures to inspire hope by representing truth and justice for all. Superman’s first appearance in 1938 preceded. By only one year. Appeared alongside Superman in. Making her Superman’s longest-running supporting character! Title in the 1950s. Your coin is encapsulated and presented in a Royal Canadian Mint-branded standard case with a graphic beauty box. This coin is #0617 of 1500. 99.99% pure silver. 110 mm x 87.5 mm. DC Comics (reverse), Susanna Blunt (obverse). The item “2017 $100 10 oz Pure Silver Coin DC Comics Originals Superman’s Shield” is in sale since Friday, February 26, 2021. This item is in the category “Coins & Paper Money\Coins\ Canada\Commemorative”. The seller is “englishway25″ and is located in Mississauga, Ontario. This item can be shipped worldwide.
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Canada
  • Certification: Certified by The Royal Canadian Mint
  • Circulated/Uncirculated: Uncirculated

2 oz. Pure Silver Glow-In-The-Dark Coin Animals in the Moonlight Lynx Canada

2 oz. Pure Silver Glow-In-The-Dark Coin Animals in the Moonlight Lynx Canada

2 oz. Pure Silver Glow-In-The-Dark Coin Animals in the Moonlight Lynx Canada

2 oz. Pure Silver Glow-In-The-Dark Coin Animals in the Moonlight Lynx Canada

2 oz. Pure Silver Glow-In-The-Dark Coin Animals in the Moonlight Lynx Canada

2 oz. Pure Silver Glow-In-The-Dark Coin Animals in the Moonlight Lynx Canada

CANADA 2 oz Fine. VERY LIMITED MINTAGE IS ONLY 4000!! Soldout already at the Mint! Spotting a lynx in the forest is an experience outdoor enthusiasts can only dream of, and this coin delivers an unforgettable face-to-fur encounter! View the coin in the dark, and the moon, stars, windows, bonfire and reflections shine with cutting-edge, glow-in-the-dark technology. It’s a magical scene that will be cherished by wildlife and nature enthusiasts, star and moon gazers, and anyone who has ever sat by a fire under the light of the moon. SECOND COIN IN THE SERIES! The new Animals in the Moonlight four-coin series features four wilderness scenes of a cougar, lynx, orcas, and an owl under the magical glow of moonlightstunning designs that capture all the mystery of a full moon that has fascinated people for millennia. MOON, STARS, WINDOWS, BONFIRE AND REFLECTIONS SHINE WITH GLOW-IN-THE-DARK TECHNOLOGY! Features innovative glow-in-the-dark technology that washes the scene with moonlightthe moon, stars, windows, bonfire and reflections shine when viewed in the dark! The Royal Canadian Mint certifies all of its collector coins. Most of these are serialized certifications, meaning that each certificate is given a unique number, starting at 1. Only 4,000 coins will be made available worldwide. Hurry and order yours today before they are all gone. 99.99% pure silver. Curtis Atwater (reverse), Susanna Blunt (obverse). 999 PURE silver, includes Certificate of Authenticity and case. The item “2 oz. Pure Silver Glow-In-The-Dark Coin Animals in the Moonlight Lynx Canada” is in sale since Wednesday, May 1, 2019. This item is in the category “Coins & Paper Money\Bullion\Silver\Coins”. The seller is “matwong42″ and is located in Vancouver, British Columbia. This item can be shipped worldwide.
  • Certification: RCM
  • Modified Item: No
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Canada
  • Material: Silver
  • Precious Metal Content: 99.99%
  • Precious Metal Content per Unit: 2 oz
  • Total Precious Metal Content: 2 oz
  • Year: 2017
  • Shape: Coin
  • Country of Manufacture: Canada
  • Composition: Silver
  • Brand: RCM
  • Metal Type: Silver
  • Type: Coin

5 oz. Pure Silver Coin The Hummingbird and the Bloom Mintage 1,250 (2020)

5 oz. Pure Silver Coin The Hummingbird and the Bloom Mintage 1,250 (2020)

5 oz. Pure Silver Coin The Hummingbird and the Bloom Mintage 1,250 (2020)

5 oz. Pure Silver Coin The Hummingbird and the Bloom Mintage 1,250 (2020)

5 oz. Pure Silver Coin The Hummingbird and the Bloom Mintage 1,250 (2020)

THE GOLD-PLATED HUMMINGBIRD MOVES! Hummingbird is drawn to one of the showiest blooms yet on this 5 oz. 99.99% pure silver collectible. With a tilt of the coin, the gold-plated hummingbird circles around the rose gold-plated petals of a. One of the many flowering plants in Canada to which the tiny bird’s feeding contributes to their cross-pollination. A visually striking design that is elegant, inspired and INTERACTIVE! A sophisticated design that magnificently merges art and technology; engraving and casting; silver and (rose) gold. The reverse design includes a show-stopping, interactive element: tilt the coin to help the “flying” hummingbird circle around the. Gold and rose gold plating elegantly highlights the crowning touches (the hummingbird and flower) of this floral-inspired design, while a proof finish lights up the engraved shrub like sunlight on a summer day. Beauty that won’t whither or fade. This gorgeous coin and its hummingbird-and-flower topper will forever bloom. Enchant as a treasured part of your collection. Design The reverse image by artist Eric Boyer presents a close view of a cluster of. Flowers that are native primarily to North America. The leaves and flowers fill much of the engraved reverse, where the proof finish is as luminous as a bright summer day. The image is topped by two sterling silver-cast elements: a rose gold-plated bloom and a gold-plated hummingbird. Firmly affixed to the coin’s surface, the flower is fully opened to attract hummingbirds and pollinating insects. Hummingbird adds an interactive twist to this dimensional design; using gravitational force, the “flying” hummingbird is able to circle around the. Whenever the coin is tilted from one side to the other. The reverse includes the engraved word “CANADA” and the year, “2020″. The obverse features the effigy of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II by Susanna Blunt. 99.99 pure silver with gold plated sterling silver bird and flower. Eric Boyer (reverse), Susanna Blunt (obverse). The item “5 oz. Pure Silver Coin The Hummingbird and the Bloom Mintage 1,250 (2020)” is in sale since Saturday, October 31, 2020. This item is in the category “Coins & Paper Money\Coins\ Canada\Mint Sets”. The seller is “pwin1999″ and is located in Vancouver. This item can be shipped worldwide.
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Canada
  • Certification: Royal Canadian Mint Certificate Included
  • Circulated/Uncirculated: Uncirculated
  • Denomination: 50 Dollars

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

Celebrate Ukrainian-Canadian culture with this pure silver pysanka coin! Crafted in 1 oz. Of 99.99% pure silver, this egg-shaped coin showcases a traditional art form that is colourful and rich in symbolism. Don’t miss outorder yours today! SELECTIVE COLOUR AND SILVER! The colours of a pysanka have meaning, too. The reverse design smoothly transitions between vibrant colours and the unmistakable shine of 99.99% pure silver. The 2021 pure silver pysanka is a limited-edition piece with a worldwide mintage of 5,000 coins. A great addition to any collection, this special keepsake also makes a great gift for spring celebrations. The Royal Canadian Mint certifies all of its collector coins. The item “1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)” is in sale since Wednesday, January 20, 2021. This item is in the category “Coins & Paper Money\Coins\ Canada\Commemorative”. The seller is “khdavo” and is located in Pickering. This item can be shipped to Canada, all countries in Europe, all countries in continental Asia, United States, Australia, Mexico, Brazil.
  • Modified Item: No
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Canada
  • Certification: Uncertified
  • Grade: Ungraded
  • Type: Commemorative
  • Year: 2021
  • Circulated/Uncirculated: Uncirculated
  • Denomination: $20

2020 2 Oz. 999 Pure Silver Temptation Of The Succubus Round Coin Girl Wastweet

2020 2 Oz. 999 Pure Silver Temptation Of The Succubus Round Coin Girl Wastweet

2020 2 Oz. 999 Pure Silver Temptation Of The Succubus Round Coin Girl Wastweet

2020 2 Oz. 999 Pure Silver Temptation Of The Succubus Round Coin Girl Wastweet

2020 2 Oz. 999 Pure Silver Temptation Of The Succubus Round Coin Girl Wastweet

999 PURE SILVER, THE TEMPTATION OF THE SUCCUBUS. New and straight from the mint! A great addition to your collection! Only 10,000 minted, numbers will vary. Coin comes in an airtight capsule and with a COA! The succubus image has a much deeper and metaphorical meaning than just the beautiful imagery. She represents the struggle against any form of alluring temptation. Although she may be wrapped in a seductive package, she could ultimately lead to your demise. We have all 5 versions! Please check out my other auctions! The item “2020 2 OZ. 999 PURE SILVER TEMPTATION OF THE SUCCUBUS ROUND COIN GIRL WASTWEET” is in sale since Saturday, November 14, 2020. This item is in the category “Coins & Paper Money\Bullion\Silver\Bars & Rounds”. The seller is “pianogirl_79″ and is located in Bay City, Michigan. This item can be shipped to United States, Canada.
  • Composition: Silver
  • Shape: Round
  • Year: 2020
  • Precious Metal Content per Unit: 2 oz
  • Total Precious Metal Content: 2 Troy oz
  • Brand/Mint: PHELI MINT
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Canada
  • Fineness: 0.999
  • Precious Metal Content: 2 Oz

1 oz. Pure Silver Coin Eagle Feather Mintage 3,000 (2019)

1 oz. Pure Silver Coin Eagle Feather Mintage 3,000 (2019)

1 oz. Pure Silver Coin Eagle Feather Mintage 3,000 (2019)

1 oz. Pure Silver Coin Eagle Feather Mintage 3,000 (2019)

1 oz. Pure Silver Coin Eagle Feather Mintage 3,000 (2019)

1 oz. Pure Silver Coin Eagle Feather Mintage 3,000 (2019)

Low Certificate of Authenticity. INSPIRED BY AN EAGLE’S FEATHER! A specially shaped tribute to a great cultural icon, the eagle, whose feather inspired the coin’s shape, complete with grooves along the edges and an engraved feather shaft down the middle. A PIECE OF NORTHWEST COAST ART! On the reverse, the eagle’s head is illustrated in a Northwest Coast formline style. The traditional ovoid (eyes) and U forms were inspired by natureespecially the split-U forms that suggest feathers. A MORE REALISTIC APPEARANCE! A mix of engraving and relief gives our feather coin a more realistic appearance. To complement the engraved relief on the reverse, the obverse features a similarly styled pattern behind the effigy. PURE SILVER: Your coin is crafted from one ounce 99.99% pure silver. Mintage – 3,000. Composition – 99.99% pure silver. Weight (g) – 31.39. Diameter (mm)1- 6.83 x 59.95. Face value – 20 dollars. Artist – Andy Everson (reverse), Susanna Blunt (obverse). The item “1 oz. Pure Silver Coin Eagle Feather Mintage 3,000 (2019)” is in sale since Monday, July 27, 2020. This item is in the category “Coins & Paper Money\Coins\ Canada\Commemorative”. The seller is “agtoronto” and is located in Etobicoke, Ontario. This item can be shipped to Canada, United States.
  • Year: 2019
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Canada
  • Circulated/Uncirculated: Uncirculated
  • Certification: Uncertified

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)

Celebrate Ukrainian-Canadian culture with this pure silver pysanka coin! Crafted in 1 oz. Of 99.99% pure silver, this egg-shaped coin showcases a traditional art form that is colourful and rich in symbolism. Don’t miss outorder yours today! SELECTIVE COLOUR AND SILVER! The colours of a pysanka have meaning, too. The reverse design smoothly transitions between vibrant colours and the unmistakable shine of 99.99% pure silver. The 2021 pure silver pysanka is a limited-edition piece with a worldwide mintage of 5,000 coins. A great addition to any collection, this special keepsake also makes a great gift for spring celebrations. The Royal Canadian Mint certifies all of its collector coins. The item “1 oz. Pure Silver Pysanka Coin (2021)” is in sale since Tuesday, January 19, 2021. This item is in the category “Coins & Paper Money\Coins\ Canada\Commemorative”. The seller is “keith8191_6″ and is located in Nepean, Ontario. This item can be shipped to Canada, United States.
  • Modified Item: No
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Canada
  • Certification: Uncertified
  • Grade: Ungraded
  • Type: Commemorative
  • Year: 2021
  • Circulated/Uncirculated: Uncirculated
  • Denomination: $20

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM

All 7 Pieces are Pure Silver Proof. 2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set — Classic Designs Canadian Proof Uncirculated Coins. Original condition encapsulated with certificate authenticity & case/box. The item “2019 Pure Silver Colourised Coin Set Classic Canadian Proof 7Pieces RCM” is in sale since Monday, July 29, 2019. This item is in the category “Coins & Paper Money\Coins\ Canada\Commemorative”. The seller is “mario95coin” and is located in Ontario. This item can be shipped worldwide.
  • Modified Item: No
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Canada
  • Certification: RCM COA
  • Grade: PROOF RCM
  • Type: Commemorative
  • Year: 2019
  • Circulated/Uncirculated: Uncirculated

2016 1oz Pure Silver Coin $20 The Universe Glow-in-the-Dark Glass with Silver

2016 1oz Pure Silver Coin $20 The Universe Glow-in-the-Dark Glass with Silver

2016 1oz Pure Silver Coin $20 The Universe Glow-in-the-Dark Glass with Silver

2016 1oz Pure Silver Coin $20 The Universe Glow-in-the-Dark Glass with Silver

Designed by Canadian artist Ardell Bourgeois, your coin features a depiction of the NRC Dominion Radio Astrophysical. Observatory (DRAO) near Penticton, British. Against the tree-lined mountain to the north, the 26-metre John A. Galt Telescope is pointed up to the sky to capture. And transmit the radio wavelengths. The soft colours of the blue sky and light clouds provide a beautiful backdrop to the engraved building in. The foreground, which is easily. Identified by the NRC-CNRC logo. Under lit conditions, the coloured sky masks a spectacular hidden feature: the presence of. Glow-in-the-dark stars, as they would. Appear in the night sky over the observatory. To the left, artist Loïc Beaumont-Tremblay has handcrafted a lightweight yet resilient. Glass embellishment, which presents. An artistic representation of a radio signal received by the telescope. Using a mix of glass and silver fume, the effect is achieved. By working at extremely high. Temperatures in order to replicate the wave shape; the addition of luminescence also gives the wave a captivating glow, adding an. Otherworldly quality to this. Celebration of astrophysical achievement. Your coin is encapsulated and presented in a Royal Canadian Mint-branded maroon. Clamshell with a black beauty. Pure silver 99.999%. Weight 31,39 g or 1 oz. The item “2016 1oz Pure Silver Coin $20 The Universe Glow-in-the-Dark Glass with Silver” is in sale since Tuesday, December 25, 2018. This item is in the category “Monnaie\Pièces – Canada\Commémoratif”. The seller is “gcaron1994″ and is located in R-N, Quebec. This item can be shipped worldwide.
  • Homologation: Non certifié
  • En circulation/Hors circulation: Hors circulation
  • Objet modifié: Non
  • En circulation/Hors circulation: Hors circulation
  • Pays/région de fabrication: Canada